What is JAEI?

JAEI has been formed to:

• Foster an awareness among Johannesburg Anglican Christians of environmental concerns
• Encourage parish environmental projects
• Develop the concept of the eco-congregation among parishes
• Network widely with all groups concerned with sustainable development and environmental issues
• Be a resource to the Christian community in terms of environmental issues
• Encourage environmental education
• Develop position papers on major environmental issues to serve as guidelines for theological reflection and diocesan advocacy

JAEI falls under the auspices of the Diocesan Social Responsibility Portfolio (DSRT).

JAEI Steering Committee
At present, JAEI consists of a steering committee and several portfolios, such as Eco-congregations, Theology and Ethics, Eco-breakfasts and Spirituality and Liturgy. The advisory and consultative groups consist of a network of associate and permanent members representing various fields of expertise and experience in environmental matters.

Networking
Many groups, parishes and individuals within the diocese are already involved in environmental projects, e.g. peace gardens, organic farming, use of environmental liturgies, interest groups and outings, waste management and energy saving practices. JAEI would like to be both a further resource to some of these projects and also a network hub where people can share their projects with others.

SAFCEI Annual General Meeting: 10 August 2010
Notice is hereby given of the fourth Annual General Meeting of the Southern African Faith Communities' Environment Institute, which will be held at St Francis of Assisi Anglican Church, 44 Tyrone Avenue, Parkview, Johannesburg on Tuesday 10 August 2010. (For directions, if needed, Tel: 011 646 2660.)

The gathering will start with a finger supper at 17h30 for 18h00, with the meeting itself beginning at 19h00. RSVP for catering purposes by 6 August.

This will be an opportunity for JAEI members to hear firsthand what SAFCEI is doing and to offer our own comments. There should also be some interesting people to meet from other denominations and faith groups. Perhaps we could all bring a colleague/friend/group from our own congregations.

> notice and reply slip <

Letter from Lawyers for Human Rights re Draft National Strategy for Sustainable Development
This submission has been endorsed by JAEI.

> read more <

Here are two supporting documents:
> Summary of AMD Issues <
> Statement by Civil Society Organizations <

Letter from SAFCEI concerning the IRP2 process
Here is the SAFCEI response to the Department of Energy in terms of the non-transparent process that has been put forward to develop our energy plan for the next twenty years.

> read more <

Water Pollution of the Witwatersrand Catchment

The Age of Stupid
Delta Environmental Centre, in partnership with the British High Commission, will be holding a public screening of a docu-drama on climate change - "The Age of Stupid" - on Sunday, 21 February, at 11h00. Tea/coffee and doughnuts will be available from 10h30 till 11h00.
Please find the flyer attached and some extra information on the movie below.
Please encourage as many people as possible to come and enjoy the morning with us! It's free, but donations are always welcome!
Briefly, 'The Age Of Stupid' is the documentary-drama-animation hybrid telling the story of an old man living in the devastated world of 2055. He watches 'archive' footage from 2008 and asks: Why didn't we stop climate change when we had the chance?
Runaway climate change has ravaged the planet by 2055. Pete plays the founder of The Global Archive, a storage facility located in the (now melted) Arctic, preserving all of humanity's achievements in the hope that the planet might one day be habitable again. Or that intelligent life may arrive and make use of all that we've achieved. He pulls together clips of archive news and documentary from 1950-2008 to build a message showing what went wrong and why. He focuses on six human stories:

• Alvin DuVernay, is a palaeontologist helping Shell find more oil off the coast of New Orleans. He also rescued more than 100 people after Hurricane Katrina, which, by 2055, is well known as one of the first major climate change events.
• Jeh Wadia in Mumbai aims to start-up a new low-cost airline and gets a million Indians flying.
• Layefa Malemi lives in absolute poverty in a small village in Nigeria from which Shell extracts tens of millions of dollars worth of oil every week. She dreams of becoming a doctor, but must fish in the oil-infested waters for four years to raise the funds.
• Jamila Bayyoud, aged 8, is an Iraqi refugee living on the streets of Jordan after her home was destroyed - and father killed - during the US-led invasion of 2003. She's trying to help her elder brother make it across the border to safety.
• Piers Guy is a windfarm developer from Cornwall fighting the NIMBYs of Middle England.
• 82-year-old French mountain guide Fernand Pareau has witnessed his beloved Alpine glaciers melt by 150 metres.

Many thanks
Kind regards
Sandy
Delta Environmental Centre
Tel: 011 888 4831
Fax: 011 888 4106
email: sandy@deltaenviro.org.za
web: www.deltaenviro.org.za

> read more <

Message from members of the religions of the world gathered at the Parliament of the World's Religions
We, from the major faith communities of the world, meeting at the Parliament of the World's Religions, Melbourne, Australia, from 3rd to 9th December 2009, send warm greetings to all who are gathering at Copenhagen for your crucially important Conference.

> read more <

Statement by Civil Society Organizations on the issue of Acid Mine Drainage (AMD) in the Witwatersrand Basin
Thirty three organizations had endorsed the statement by the time it was presented to the Government Task Team (GTT) on Mining Issues on 3 December 2009, at the Council for Geosciences, Pretoria.

> read more <

Media Statement: Regarding the FIFA World Cup Draw on 4th December 2009
Archbishop Thabo Cecil Makgoba, 1st December 2009

On behalf of the Anglican Church of Southern Africa, I would like to congratulate Mr. Danny Jordaan and Dr. Ivan Khoza and the many committees and workers in South Africa and abroad who have toiled tirelessly to bring the 2010 FIFA World Cup to this stage of reality. It is wonderful to join in the excitement that is building for the 2010 FIFA World Cup as expressed in the excitement about the Cape Town Draw. And I am certain we're heading for a successful World Cup.

Amidst the excitement and anticipation, let us not forget a more serious side - the World Cup's impact on our environment and the safety of all who will be in South Africa.

The Bible reminds us 'how very good and pleasant it is when people live together in unity.' (Ps 133:1) We know that sport, in this case football, has realised and has an even greater potential of unifying people across many divides. It makes social cohesion a reality, making visible our rainbow nation.

As the nation of South Africa and within the Southern African Development Community (SADC) the 2010 World Cup offers us an opportunity to look beyond manmade colonial borders based on race and ethnicity and to glimpse what is possible - socially, politically and economically - when we strive together for a shared vision.

With thousands of football fans travelling to our country for the 2010 World Cup, we must acknowledge the huge carbon footprint that will be generated at that time and its effect on our environment. As we also approach the UN Conference on Climate Change in Copenhagen, Denmark, 7-18th December, we challenge FIFA and SAFA to contribute generously to NGO's working on climate change and to plead with our government to take bold and decisive decisions in Copenhagen to safeguard our planet for those who will come after us - our children and theirs.

Issued by the Office of the Anglican Archbishop of Cape Town
Inquiries: Cynthia Michaels on 021-763-1320 (office hours)

Climate Change, Copenhagen and the United States
An Urgent Call to Prayer and Action from Sir John Houghton and Bishop James Jones

> read more <

A Statement from the Anglican Communion Environmental Network
ACNS: http://www.aco.org/acns/news.cfm/2009/10/12/ACNS4659

The Hope We Share: A Vision For Copenhagen

Statement text
- Download PDF
- Download DOC

Press release
- Download PDF
- Download DOC

In preparation for the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) Conference Of Parties (COP) Meetings to be held in Copenhagen, Denmark in December, the Anglican Communion Environmental Network (ACEN) has issued a statement to Anglicans Worldwide, to COP Delegates, Faith Community Representatives, Observer Organizations, and Friends of Creation.

Conferring by email, and using a draft text by Convener, Bishop George Browning, retired Bishop of Canberra and Goulburn in Australia, the network's nineteen provincial representatives considered and amended a three-page statement seeking to address the moral consequences of climate change and to provoke UN delegates to combine hope with realism as they devise a political system which will take effect in 2012 when the Kyoto Protocol expires:

We look to the Copenhagen conference with hope but also with realism ... there must be a desire on the part of every nation to do what they know they must, not because they are legally bound, but because they share a vision for a more just and sustainable future ... We pray that each nation will come to the conference wanting the highest level outcome; that demanding targets will be set, not in an attempt to discipline reluctant participants, or to give some preferential treatment which undermines the whole; but that a greater vision might be shared.

The Anglican Communion occupies a unique position globally in terms of affecting and suffering from climate change:

From all points of the globe we point to the reality of climate change and to the very serious effect it is already having upon our people; from severe weather events, to prolonged droughts, major floods, loss of habitat and changing seasons.

Our position is faith-based:

Our faith and our ancestors have always taught us that the earth is our mother and deserves respect; we know that this respect has not been given. We know that like a mother the earth will continue to give its all to us. However, we also know that we are now demanding more than it is able to provide. Science confirms what we already know, our human footprint is changing the face of the earth and because we come from the earth, it is changing us too.

Our statement is framed in the context of hope channeled through a positive vision.

We have always known that "without a vision, the people perish". The Copenhagen Conference can either produce a bland, minimalist set of non-enforceable targets or it can sketch a vision to inspire the world and its peoples. Leaders lead, please ... do not let us down.

A PDF of the Statement is available here: http://acen.anglicancommunion.org/_userfiles/File/copenhagen_ACEN.pdf

Contact:

The Rt. Rev. George Browning, Convener
gandmbrowning@bigpond.com
Statement Draft

The Rev. Terrie Robinson, Anglican Communion Networks Coordinator
terrie.robinson@anglicancommunion.org
Anglican communion Networks Context

Office of the UN Observer, New York
unoffice@anglicancommunion.org
UN functions

The Rev. Ken Gray, Communications
canadaacen@shaw.ca

The ACEN

http://acen.anglicancommunion.org/index.cfm

As an official network of the Anglican Communion the ACEN strives:

• to encourage Anglicans to support sustainable environmental practices as individuals and in the life of their communities
• to provide information about policies embraced by synods, councils and commissions, and especially by the instruments of Unity (Statements by the Archbishop of Canterbury, Resolutions and Reports of the Lambeth Conference and the Anglican Consultative Council)
• to support local initiatives by providing information about ideas and best practices developed around the communion
• to share information about resources and initiatives that may be of value to Anglicans everywhere
• to provide an opportunity for interested Anglicans to meet both as a formal network, and informally via electronic media.

Green tips from ESSA members
Marlise Richter of the Exploration Society of South Africa (ESSA) recently compiled a summary of green tips received from other ESSA members. There may be many more companies or options now, but these are the ones that she found were the cheapest and most reliable in her market research. All of the companies below are Johannesburg-based.

• Solar Geyser
  • Really works well and you could go off the grid completely by switching off the geyser at the mains (this one uses solar power and tops it up with electricity if you want to have a boiling shower at 01h00 in morning for some reason)
  • 200l geyser = R6500 [DIY installation]
  • Fully installed by plumber = R9500
  • Jason: wuj@iburst.co.za
• Water tank to harvest rain water
  • Hydrex
  • 011 440-4472; http://www.hydrex.co.za
  • R2300 for a 2.5 kl tank and delivery (+R300)
  • Remember to ask that they include the taps and plugs otherwise you will have to drive all the way to Marlboro for them
  • Think about putting the tank on a stand - a tank on the floor when your garden is flat isn't very useful. Some of my friends learnt the hard way ;-)
• Owl House
  • R750 for installation of the house on your roof and includes annual subscription
  • EcoSolutions Cell: 072-3659777; ecosolutions@absamail.co.za
  • Hmm... we have had a owl house for 2 years and at the moment it just looks pretty, as no owls have come to stay. Perhaps they don't like Brixton ...
• Chickens
  • Battery farms are terrible. Even free range eggs means that male chicks were killed off at Day 1. (See http://www.activist.co.za/campaigns/2009/stopbatteryfarming.php and http://www.animal-voice.org/Help-Banish-the-Battery-Egg/)
  • Rather keep your own happy chickens. We have 3 and the hens lay an egg +- every day.
  • For Koek-koek laying chickens in Jhb, phone Yvonne at 082 338 6062. (Farm in Linbro Park).
• Earthworm Farm
  • Very easy to make your own: http://www.homemakersonline.co.za/features/143/how-to-start-a-worm-farm
  • Get worms from a fishing store, from the worm stores listed at the URL above, or come past our house and we will give you a starter pack
• Hotbox
  • I didn't think a hotbox would work and it does. Like a bomb. Support a community project or make your own: http://www.mothercityliving.co.za/20080818/10-really-good-reasons-to-get-a-hay-box-or-make-your-own/
• Green reading and ideas
  • http://www.urbansprout.co.za/

Food security introduction
A few weeks ago, I attended a discussion on the movie 'The end of suburbia' at the Natural Step Network and what stuck for me was a new term to me, namely food security. There was talk of how the days of the '2000 mile Waldorf Salad' are numbered. Possible future food shortages will not so much be due to the fact that there will not be enough food for everyone, but that people will go without because the transport of food over long distances will become too expensive. Buying local at the corner grocer as of old is likely to become the norm again and simply growing your own. Besides being economical, food from your own garden is fresh and if grown the Permaculture way, without chemical additives and genetic modification.
Shortly after that my mad, but infectious friend Scott Cundill together with Jason of Idol's fame launched their planting season initiative: In his own words:
'September the 22nd is the Spring Equinox and we aim convince 1,000,000 people around the country to plant an organic vegetable on that day. In doing so, we will not only encourage South Africans to get back in touch with nature, but we will also alleviate the rapidly approaching food shortage, remedy the shocking nutritional imbalance in our existing food, improve social awareness, health levels, etc.'
A few days after that, I got involved in a discussion afternoon again at the Natural Step on the future of urban communities and food security: Out of that meeting, among others community initiatives, 'Grow Your Own' was born and is to be one of the pilot projects to be implemented in Observatory with an added focus of building community. We're aiming to get aspirant veggie patch owners to talk to each other over their garden fence - or better over their walls and electric fencing (imagine!), to join forces by helping each other dig their beds in preparation (Amish - barn raising style!) and possibly eventually to barter their excess veggies with each other or even start a little local fresh produce market. I'm hoping the interest will spread to other suburba as well!
In the next few articles I will be talking about how to prepare, plant and harvest a simple veggie patch the Permaculture way in time for Spring. After renting for the last 5 years, I have recently moved into my very own house and am busy digging up the lawn in preparation for my own veggie patch. I'll be trying out various Permaculture methods myself and will keep you posted on my own successes and no doubt failures, which should be quite entertaining. Feel free to share yours with me too.

Till next time
Gaby Leone, 22 June 2009

See the tools section on this website for indigenous gardening tips by Gaby Leone.

NEWS & EVENTS

Events   (> Jump to News <)

BIOMIMICRY INTRODUCTIONARY COURSE

28-30 JUNE 2010

WESSA SustainEd and The Biomimicry Institute South Africa have joined forces to run a 3-day introductory course on Biomimicry aimed at people working in the field of environment/sustainability/environmental education.
> read more <

Past Events   (> Jump to News <)

Nature and Spirituality Workshop / Course

6-8 November 2009

Marianne Karsh, M.Sc.F. Coordinator of the Ecology Project at the Jesuit Centre, Ontario, Canada, will be in South Africa in November. An associate of the Sisters of St. John the Divine, she is involved in ecumenical and interfaith dialogue on the environment. She conducts workshops and retreats on earth awareness and spirituality.
> read more <

International Day of Climate Action

24 October 2009

A call for 350 faith communities to pray.
> read more <

Yebo Gogga

7-11 October 2009

Life Sciences Museum, East Campus, Wits University
> read more <

Park Views - Richard Worthington on Keeping Global Warming below 2 degrees: Copenhagen and you

10 September 2009 at 6pm (sharp) till 7pm
St. Francis Anglican Church, 46 Tyrone Ave (corner Roscommon), Parkview

Global warming: "Don't we know enough about it?" The simple answer: "No, we don't!"
> read more <

Restorative Breakfast

Wednesday 2 September 07:00-08:30

Food Security in the City
with Prof Michael Rudolph (Head of Health Promotion Unit at Wits)
> read more <

Venue: The Cottage at High Gate Gardens, 30 Gill Street, Observatory, Johannesburg
RSVP: jeremy@pes.org.za

A Vision of Paradise

The series "Global warming and Religion" is to broadcast in the "Issues of Faith" slot at 09:00 on Sunday mornings on SABC 2 on the following dates: 9th, 16th, 23rd and 30th August. Each episode runs for 48 minutes.
> read more <

A talk on water resources, conservation and quality by Terry Nelson.

"The Water Crisis - Time for the Blue Revolution"

Wednesday 25 March
19:30
Parish Centre, Rosebank Catholic Church, 16 Keyes Avenue

Water is human life and dignity making access to it a justice issue, an election issue. In the Scriptures water is a symbol of purification and life. Water is not just another commodity.

Hosted by the Justice and Peace group.
Enquiries Judy Stockill 011 880-5986, Prof Douglas Irvine 082-330-3043

eco-bazaar @ St Luke's

Saturday 21 March, 12h00 - 15h00
St Luke's Church, 18 High Road, Orchards, Johannesburg

21 March is Human Rights Day, an excellent day to be celebrating environmental matters. Stalls include composting, kidstuff, recycling, thrift table, vegan food and more! Bring your picnic and sit on the lawns. Come and support St Luke's Eco-congregation.
> read more <

* * *
The Gauteng Natural Step Network
invites you to our next
Restorative Breakfast

Our open forum discussion will focus on
Cleaning our Rivers
in a way that makes business sense
with
Kim Kieser

South Africa is a water-scarce country, yet 80% of our rivers are critically endangered. The SOUL Foundation(R) was created to unite South Africans by cleaning up our rivers and environment and educating communities (S O U L - Save Our Universal Land). SOUL's flagship is the restoration of the Jukskei River from source to the Crocodile River, then to Hartebeespoort Dam and on to the sea.
The genius of the project is not only the vision of healthy rivers and surrounding corridors, uplifted communities and enhanced parks, but the business model that will achieve it. Kim will share her inspired method of raising money to finance the river scheme, including the Green Market Stock Exchange.

Kim Kieser, CEO and founder of The SOUL Foundation, has been a self-starter and business entrepreneur in the fields of health and clothing design since the '80's. In 1998 her life was changed by a powerful visionary dream urging her to address the deteriorating natural environment and the huge disparities in wealth that she witnessed on a daily basis. Kim is an Ashoka Fellow and social entrepreneur with 10 years experience in setting up, developing and establishing integrated river health and waste management/recycling systems, linking previously-disadvantaged communities with funding/development partners from corporate, government and development agencies.
Contact SOUL Foundation at kim.kieser@wet-africa.org for further information including national and international awards and citations received, or visit www.wet-africa.org.

Wednesday March 4
30 Gill Street, Observatory
07h00 - 08h30
Muffins and coffee (good, and simple) - R40
Come before the traffic - leave after it! Coffee's hot at 06h30
R-S-V-P . . Please let us know if you're coming
* * *

Eco-congregations share their experiences
A valuable learning and reflection opportunity

Representatives of all parishes in the Johannesburg Diocese are invited to JAEI's next Eco-congregations sharing and learning quarterly meeting. You do not have to be a registered eco-congregation in order to attend.

These quarterly meetings have become valuable learning opportunities as we journey along the Eco-congregations road. We have 8 parishes meeting regularly and invite others to join us.

This is an opportunity for us all to reflect on progress, to share what we have learned and to learn more for the journey ahead.

• When? Saturday 31st January, 9am to 12 noon.
• Where? St Martin's, Eastwood Road, Dunkeld (off Jan Smuts Ave).
• Catering: Tea/coffee and biscuits.
• Enquiries: Alistair Clacherty (083 300 3719 or alistair@clacherty.co.za)

St Martins Water Wise Picnic
St Martins-in-the-Veld is hosting a water wise picnic at Emmarentia Dam on 15 November. The event starts at 11am, and attendees are invited to bring their families and friends along.

Rand Water has agreed to run a range of children's activities on the day, focusing on the water conservation theme, and a speaker from SRK Consulting will be giving a talk on the status of South Africa's water, wetland preservation and water wise solutions / conservation. Both the talk and the children's activities will commence at 11am. Families are invited to bring a picnic along and to enjoy a picnic lunch after the talk, on the lawns next to the water.

> read more <

Eco-congregations share their experiences
A valuable learning and reflection opportunity

Representatives of all parishes in the Johannesburg Diocese are invited to JAEI's second eco-congregations sharing and learning event. You do not have to be registered eco-congregations in order to attend

Several parishes have recently become eco-congregations or have expressed interest. We encourage all parishes who might be interested in becoming eco-congregations to attend.

This is an opportunity for us all to reflect on progress, to share what we have learned and to learn more for the journey ahead.

> read report <

• When: Saturday 27th September, 9am.
• Where: St Michael and All Angels, 1123 Cornelius Street, Weltevreden Park
• RSVP: St Michael's, 011 475 1314, office@stmikes.org.za

Eco-congregations share their experiences
A valuable learning and reflection opportunity


Participants at an Eco-congregations sharing and learning workshop held on 21 June 2008 at St Catherine's, Bramley

Representatives of all parishes in the Johannesburg Diocese are invited to JAEI's first eco-congregations sharing and learning event. You do not have to be registered eco-congregations in order to attend

Four parishes were 'pilot' eco-congregations during 2007 and others have recently become eco-congregations or have expressed interest. Beyond these existing groups we encourage all parishes who might be interested in becoming eco-congregations to attend.

This is an opportunity for us all to reflect on progress, to share what we have learned and to learn more for the journey ahead.

• When: Saturday 21st June, 10am to 2pm.
• Where: St Catherine's, 62 Dalene Road, Bramley
• RSVP: Alistair Clacherty, 083-300-3719, alistair@clacherty.co.za
• Catering: We will provide a light lunch as well as tea/coffee, so please do notify us so we have an idea of numbers.

Seeding Sustainable Living
The national conservancies conference in June, arranged by NACSA (National Association of Conservancies of SA).
The speakers and topics are chosen to be practical, informative and energising.
The conference is at Sizanani in Bronkhorstspruit, about an hour's drive from Joburg, half an hour from Pretoria.

If you want more details about the conference, the speakers, session times and cost, contact Mercia Komen on mkomen@nacsa.co.za. Details also on the website - www.nacsa.co.za.

> read more <

INVITATION "A Global Energy Update"
Dr John Ledger, Chairman of the Sustainable Energy Society of Southern Africa and former EWT Director will give an illustrated talk about rapidly changing perspectives on global climate, energy, biofuels and electric vehicles. With the oil price now above US $120 a barrel and possibly heading for $200, what are the prospects for future individual transport?

• Date & Time: Tuesday 10th June 2008, 18:30 for 19:00
• Venue: The Country Club Johannesburg, Napier Road, Auckland Park.
• Dress: Smart Casual
• Cost: R140.00 per EWT/CCJ member, R145.00 per non members, including supper
  R40.00 per EWT/CCJ member, R45.00 per non members, talk only.
  Prices are inclusive of vat.

ENERGY EXPO
St Martin's-in-the-Veld
43 Craddock Ave, Dunkeld, Johannesburg
Sunday, 18 May 2008
08:00 - 13:00
R25 per person
R10 per pensioner
No charge for children under 12

Information, tools, tips and retailer displays ...

• Renewable energy sources
  - solar, wind, gas, kinetic devices
  - lighting, heating, cooking and other devices ...
  
• Backup power solutions
  - battery, generators, invertors ...
• Energy-saving devices
  - timer switches, light bulbs, insulation, home and office appliances ...
• Low energy usage devices
  - compressors, water heaters & coolers, air conditioners, radiators, pumps, heaters, home and office appliances.

A GREENER WALK - INVITATION FOR THE 19 OF APRIL 2008
YOU ARE INVITED TO HAVE A GREENER WALK WITHIN THE INNERCITY, JOIN US - Green House Project and Pioneers of Change - in exploring what it means to have a greener walk. As well as creative ways that will be demonstrated to put our waste to good use. Arts and crafts, Poetry, A look at the greenhouse project and we can have a look at how nature serves us. What do you love about your Earth/Environment... let's raise our consciousness around the environment in the wake of Load Shedding and the many things we see happening to our environment. The Greenhouse is happy to provide us with a light lunch from their Organic Garden.

Programme from 09:00 - 15:00

What you can bring:

• Bring us some waste either, in the form of last nights food, or plastic bottles or even paper,
• If you can: Do bring R20 - 50 to support the event and the people hosting it, it's also for coffee and snacks
• Do bring a friend
• Wear comfortable clothes you feel comfortable in
• Do bring your most present and alert self
• Leave all your worries behind.

NATIONAL WATER WEEK/MONTH CELEBRATIONS
National Water Week is seen as a powerful awareness-raising opportunity to highlight the value of water, the need for sustainable management of this scarce resource and the role water plays in our everyday lives. It is an opportunity to become "Water Wise".

As part of their awareness-raising campaign for 2008, Rand Water, through its Water Wise Education Team and in partnership with Delta Environmental Centre, has planned a wide range of activities. The intention is to raise awareness and stimulate action-taking amongst all age groups concerning the importance of protecting our water from being wasted and polluted. We all need to become "Water Wise".

Our celebration of "water" is planned to take place from 3 March to 11 April 2008.
> read more <

28 February – Launch of Biowatch DVD - SEEDS OF CHOICE
We have completed a 15 min documentary about our approach to outreach work. We are having a launch of the documentary on Thursday, 28 February 2008 from 17h30 to about 19h30 at the TH Barry Theatre at the Iziko SA National Museum in Queen Victoria Street. SEEDS OF CHOICE will be on sale through our website (www.biowatch.org.za) and through our offices (021) 447 5939 or biowatch@mweb.co.za) after the launch at an amount R100. Free to NGOs.

20 February – Public discussion forum on pesticide control
Biowatch and UCT's School of Public Health and Family Medicine Occupational and Environmental Health Research Unit are jointly hosting this discussion.  Dr George Ekstroem, an international expert in the field, will lead the discussion.  Wednesday, 20 February 2008 at 17h00 for 17h30, Conference Room 1 & 2, Barnard Fuller Building, University of Cape Town, Medical School Campus, Anzio Road Observatory. Please RSVP to biowatch@mweb.co.za or ring Nicci on 021 447 5939 by Friday 15 February 2008.

News/notices

The Green Letter

Greetings.

I thought I would attempt a regular newsletter addressing environmental matters around the diocese and elsewhere. I hope that it will also provide space to share initiatives from the parishes which will be of encouragement to us all.

Part of my motivation for this is that there are so many voices out there at the moment and so many concerns that it may be useful to filter some of the information through JAEI. Of course this will mean that you will get the JAEI view point which may often be limited. I am happy to risk this in the hope of creating conversation and debate. I would value your comments and suggestions.

Tim Gray

Click here to download the letter.

FIGHT TO SAVE THE MAPUNGUBWE WORLD HERITAGE SITE INTENSIFIES
The fight to protect the Mapungubwe Cultural Landscape from coal mining heated up this week with the submission of an appeal against the mine by some of the leading nongovernmental organisations in South Africa. Australian company Coal of Africa Limited (CoAL) was recently given the go ahead to begin construction of an opencast and underground coal mine within less than 6km from the borders of the Mapungubwe National Park and adjacent to the World Heritage Site, with the approval of the Environmental Management Plan for the proposed Vele Colliery.

> read more <

Intelligent power: SA is throwing it all away
We will live to regret loan to build coal-fired power station

> read more <

Mark Swilling is the academic director of the Sustainability Institute at the University of Stellenbosch and is a member of the International Panel for Sustainable Resource Management.

World Council of Churches: Statement Following Copenhagen
The World Council of Churches (WCC) has called on the whole ecumenical family to keep pushing the international community for a "fair, ambitious and binding agreement" on climate change, in view of the UN climate summit to take place in Mexico in December.

The United Nations climate summit in Copenhagen failed to "reach the expectations of the ecumenical movement and the larger civil society", the WCC executive committee said in a minute issued at the end of its 23-26 February meeting near Geneva, Switzerland.

"Disappointed with the outcome" of the talks in Copenhagen, the WCC executive committee has outlined a proposal of continued collaboration amongst ecumenical partners towards the next conference of parties to the UN Framework Convention on Climate Change in Mexico (COP16).

According to the WCC executive committee, a fair climate deal should include "the recognition of the historic responsibility for the carbon dioxide emissions of industrialized countries, a measurable commitment to have a maximum of 350 parts per million of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere, concrete ways of adaptation, mitigation, technology transfer and funding".

The churches are concerned about climate because of its "life-threatening effects, especially on the poor and vulnerable communities in many parts of the world, such as the low-lying islands of the Pacific or the Great Lakes and Horn of Africa region", the WCC minute says.

(from DIGEST 12 - Anglican Communion Environmental Network - Tuesday, March 16, 2010)

U.S. Scientists and Economists Call for Swift and Deep Cuts in Greenhouse Gas Emissions
The U.S. Scientists and Economists' Call for Swift and Deep Cuts in Greenhouse Gas Emissions is a call to America's leaders to require immediate, deep reductions in heat-trapping emissions that cause global warming. The statement, released in March 2010 and delivered to every member of the U.S. Congress, is endorsed by more than 2,000 scientists and economists with expertise relevant to our understanding of the scientific and economic dimensions of climate change, its impacts, and solutions. This marks the first time leading U.S. scientists and economists have joined together to make such an appeal.

The text of the call is here.

Faith leaders - tackling climate change is a "moral imperative"
The Archbishop of Canterbury hosted a meeting of faith leaders and faith-based and community organisations at Lambeth Palace to discuss the response of faith communities to the environmental crisis. With 40 days to go before the Copenhagen Climate-Change Summit, the participants have pledged to work together to raise awareness about the effects of "catastrophic climate change" on the world's poor and to take whatever action they can to "to reduce carbon emissions and promote sustainable practice." At the meeting, a number of presentations highlighted the kind of action faith communities and faith-based organisations were already taking in the UK and with partners overseas.

In the first statement of its kind, signed by leaders from every faith community (including Christian, Jewish, Muslim, Hindu, Sikh, Buddhist, Baha'i, Jain and Zoastrian), the signatories recognise "unequivocally that there is a moral imperative to tackle the causes of global warming" and that "faith communities have a crucial role to play in pressing for changes in behaviour at every level of society and in every economic sector. We all have a responsibility to learn how to live and develop sustainably in a world of finite resources".

They call for the UK government and G20 governments in particular to fight for an ambitious deal which offers hope of rises in global temperature being kept within two degrees centigrade.

The statement has been welcomed by the Department for Energy and Climate Change (DECC). The Secretary of State Ed Miliband said: "Tackling climate change is a cause that unites people of all faiths. Each generation holds the planet in trust for the next and to fulfil our obligations to these future generations, we must succeed in getting a fair and ambitious agreement. We need the voice of all the world's religions in the coming weeks as we approach the Copenhagen summit."

Dr Williams said: "This is an important meeting - the first of its kind in the UK. We all have to do more to face the challenges of climate change. Faith communities have a crucial role to play. That was highlighted today as were some of the things already being done. We must do our bit and encourage others to do theirs. Together we can and we will make a difference".

The full text of the statement is here.

Anglican Communion News Service, London

Book Launches
Publishers Africa Geographic and editor Robert Zipplies are proud to announce the publication of Bending the Curve - your guide to tackling climate change in South Africa

There is no doubt, the climate phenomenon and our global response to the crisis is progressively redefining how we operate as as society. And yet, while there is no doubt that action needs to be taken, there has been a dearth of practical information detailing what each of us can do within our individual spheres of influence, whether at work or privately. Bending the Curve fills that void. Written by South Africans for South Africans, this book is packed with useful, hands-on information.
Bending the Curve - Your guide to tackling climate change in South Africa, is not just another book describing the climate crisis, but is a practical guide - co-authored by 24 South African experts - detailing how different sectors of society can move from deliberation to action.
The book moves quickly from a summary of important background information and up-to-date climate science, into useful, hands-on information on what each of us can do within our individual spheres of influence, whether at work or privately.
With chapters devoted to 'You the business', 'You the investor', 'You the government', 'You the farmer', 'You at home', 'You the architect and property developer', and many more, Bending the Curve speaks to anyone who is keen to develop a lucid, current perspective on what we know and what we can do about this global emergency.

More information about the book is available at: www.bendingthecurve.co.za
> book cover <
> contents, biographies, foreword and introduction <
> workshops <

Bending the Curve is now available at most book stores, Kalahari.net and the publisher's website: www.africageographic.com
For discounted bulk orders, please contact Neriza Heeger at neriza@africageographic.com

Boiling Point: people in a changing climate (by Leonie Joubert)

In Boiling Point, Leonie embarks on a journey into the lives of some South Africans affected by the climate phenomenon, people who contribute little to the pollution responsible for global warming, but are most vulnerable to its fallout: a rooibos tea farmer in the Northern Cape, a traditional fisherman in Lambert's Bay, a farmer in the Free State's maize belt, a political refugee in Pietermaritzburg and a sangoma in Limpopo mining country.

More information available at: www.scorched.co.za

SAFCEI Statement for the 2009 Climate Change Summit
For members of southern African Faith Communities, the overriding priority is the health of the planet. As people of faith we believe we have been given custodianship and have a moral responsibility to pass the planet on to our children in a healthier state than we found it. All our sacred texts call on us to care for, protect and sustain nature as we seek justice and peace among ourselves. Our burning of fossil fuels and our destruction of forests, grasslands, oceans and other eco-systems, is placing the well-being of future generations of all life in jeopardy.
We have come to realise that climate change is taking place far more rapidly than has been acknowledged. We therefore believe we cannot wait till 2020 to peak our carbon emissions. We believe that process has to happen with immediate effect. We have the technical means to do so, while at the same time generating the energy our contemporary society has come to expect. We must develop the political will to bring about change.
With the development of Concentrated Solar Power and thermal batteries, and with low voltage Direct Current transmission, we are in a position to start harnessing the greatest source of power, namely the sun. South Africa has been singularly blessed with solar resources. We should implement such generation with immediate effect.
We therefore call on the Government to halt any further development of coal powered and nuclear generation and build clean, renewable energy generating plants as a matter of urgency. We know too that the construction time is far shorter than for coal or nuclear. We also know that in developing renewable energy, we will generate far more employment.
We call on the government to be resolute in overcoming the vested interests of the fossil fuel and nuclear energy industries. Even if - initially - costs for re-newables are higher than conventional coal generation, we believe the future health of the planet cannot be held to ransom by financial considerations. There is no price too high for the future survival of our children and life on this planet. We therefore call, not just for subsidies, but massive investment in renewable energy.
All countries will have to reduce greenhouse gases in the future. Even if other countries are reluctant to reduce their emissions now, we believe that South Africa must be bold and set an example to the world. If we do this we will be in the position to take a lead in the development of renewable energy. This will be a source of great employment in the future.

> read more <

NECCSA Update: August 2008

1. CHURCHES MUST LEAD THE WAY ON REDUCING CARBON EMISSIONS (Extract from article written by Jane Still.)
2. ENVIRONMENT AND CLIMATE CHANGE (Extract from the Archbishop of Canterbury Concluding Presidential Address to the Lambeth Conference 2008 in the United Kingdom.)
3. BISHOPS HAVE 'NO OPTION' ON CLIMATE CHANGE (By Lambeth Daily staff reporter)
4. SOUTH AFRICAN GOVERNMENT'S CABINET AIMS TO LIMIT GLOBAL WARMING TO 2°C (Report by Harald Winkler, Associate Professor at the Energy Research Centre, UCT.)
5. GOD IS ECO-CENTRIC (An extract of Anglican Bishop Geoff Davies's sermon delivered at the Anglican Communion Lambeth Conference Environment Weekend on July 27, 2008 in the United Kingdom.)
6. AFRICAN CENTRE FOR BIOSAFETY PETITIONS AGAINST GM POTATOES

African Church Leaders' Statement on Climate Change and Water
A statement by church leaders representing National Christian Councils and Churches from the Fellowship of Christian Councils and Churches in Southern Africa [FOCCISA] and the Fellowship of Christian Councils and Churches in the Great lakes and Horn of Africa [FECCLAHA] under the auspices of AACC met from 3rd - 5th June 2008 to consult on the subject of climate change and water at the Archbishop Desmond Tutu Ecumenical Centre in Nairobi, Kenya.

> read more <

ECO-TWINNING
Making links between churches sharing in the planet's future.

> read more <

Climate Change and Public Health - Threats and Opportunities
World Health Day was celebrated on Monday 7th April, a date which marks the founding of the World Health Organization (WHO) in 1948.

The theme this year is "Protecting Health from Climate Change", in recognition of the fact that climate change poses real and significant threats to the health of the public.

Please contact the People's Health Movement (Ms. Liz Welsh; 021 447 5770; liz@phmsouthafrica.org) for practical ideas on how to promote the theme of "Protecting Health from Climate Change" in schools, health facilities, the workplace, through the media and among the general public.

> read more <

The Pleasures of the Flesh
If you care about hunger, eat less meat.

> read more <

Energy efficiency in an imaginary megacity
Numerous energy efficient solutions are already available for use today with the potential to make considerable energy savings. These solutions are demonstrated here by presenting an imaginary megacity, incorporating real energy consumption figures for Germany as its basis. The megacity is a world champion in energy efficiency, reducing its primary energy consumption and carbon dioxide emissions by 50 per cent.

The combustion of raw materials such as coal, gas, and oil results in the emission of 26 billion tonnes of carbon dioxide (CO2) annually. But what would happen if we used the most energy efficient technology? If we could start afresh, how much energy would an imaginary city of 10 million people require? This thought experiment leads to surprising conclusions.

Article contents:

• ENERGY REQUIREMENTS FOR AN IMAGINARY MEGACITY
• ENERGY SAVINGS IN INDUSTRY AND BUILDINGS
• ENERGY EFFICIENT TRANSPORTATION
• RESOURCE EFFICIENCY IN POWER GENERATION
• ONE GAS TURBINE FOR 1.8 M INHABITANTS
• THE POTENTIAL OF HOUSEHOLD APPLIANCES AND LIGHTING
• CONCLUSION

Vatican lists 'new sins', including pollution
Philip Pullella | Vatican City
10 March 2008 02:53

Thou shall not pollute the Earth. Thou shall beware genetic manipulation.

Modern times bring with them modern sins. So the Vatican has told the faithful that they should be aware of "new" sins such as causing environmental blight.

The guidance came at the weekend when Archbishop Gianfranco Girotti, the Vatican's number two man in the sometimes murky area of sins and penance, spoke of modern evils.

Asked what he believed were today's "new sins," he told the Vatican newspaper L'Osservatore Romano that the greatest danger zone for the modern soul was the largely uncharted world of bioethics.

"[Within bioethics] there are areas where we absolutely must denounce some violations of the fundamental rights of human nature through experiments and genetic manipulation whose outcome is difficult to predict and control," he said.

The Vatican opposes stem-cell research that involves destruction of embryos and has warned against the prospect of human cloning.

Girotti, in an interview headlined "New Forms of Social Sin," also listed "ecological" offences as modern evils.

In recent months, Pope Benedict has made several strong appeals for the protection of the environment, saying issues such as climate change had become gravely important for the entire human race.

Under Benedict and his predecessor John Paul, the Vatican has become progressively green.

It has installed photovoltaic cells on buildings to produce electricity and hosted a scientific conference to discuss the ramifications of global warming and climate change, widely blamed on human use of fossil fuels.

Girotti, who is number two in the Vatican "Apostolic Penitentiary," which deals with matter of conscience, also listed drug trafficking and social and economic injustices as modern sins.

But Girotti also bemoaned that fewer and fewer Catholics go to confession at all.

He pointed to a study by Milan's Catholic University that showed that up to 60% of Catholic faithful in Italy stopped going to confession.

In the sacrament of Penance, Catholics confess their sins to a priest who absolves them in God's name.

But the same study by the Catholic University showed that 3% of Italian Catholics believed that there was no need for a priest to be God's intermediary and 20% felt uncomfortable talking about their sins to another person. - Reuters

CALLING ALL CONCERNED CONSUMERS
South Africa requires GM crop permit applicants to advertise their application in at least three newspapers circulating in the area where the GM crops will be released. This is how the public - and that includes organisations like Biowatch - gets to know of a GM permit application. We don't have the resources to subscribe to all the possible newspapers in South Africa in which these adverts could appear. So, if you spot an advert for a GM application, please let us know by ringing 021 447 5939, faxing 021-447 5974 or emailing biowatch@mweb.co.za.

POLICY WATCH

• Consumer Protection Bill - It's anticipated that this bill will be introduced into Parliament in March, according to Parliament's 2008 provisional legislative programme. An early draft of the Bill called for genetically modified (GM) ingredients in food to be labelled. Subsequent drafts, however, omitted this clause. Will it be re-introduced when the bill gets to Parliament? In July 2007 Parliament's Portfolio Committee on Environmental Affairs and Tourism held a public hearing on GM food at which the issue of labelling GM ingredients in food came up repeatedly as an important means of enabling consumer choice.
• Amendment of Environmental Impact Assessment Regulations – The Department of Environmental Affairs and Tourism is expected to provide an update on the EIA streamlining process to Parliament's Select Committee on Land and Environment on 12 February. New EIA Regulations came into effect in July 2006.
• National Environmental Management Amendment Bill - This amended the National Environmental Management Act (NEMA) of 1998 by providing for tools other than EIAs, among others. The Cabinet approved the Bill in July 2007 and Parliament's Portfolio Committee on Environmental Affairs and Tourism held public hearings on the bill in November 2007. The Portfolio Committee on Environmental Affairs and Tourism and the Portfolio Committee on Minerals and Energy will meet jointly on 26 February to try to resolve controversial provisions in the bill related to the competent authority for EIAs in mining.

BIOWATCH COSTS APPEAL UPDATE
Biowatch is still awaiting the judgement of Judge Justice Poswa before making a decision about what its next steps will be around an order that it pay the legal costs of Monsanto South Africa (Pty) Ltd., the Minister of Agriculture, the Registrar Genetic Resources and the Executive Council for GM Organisms. In November 2007, two of the three judges who heard Biowatch's appeal in the Pretoria High Court dismissed that appeal. In the costs appeal judgment, signed by judges Fanie Mynhardt and Mpho Molopa-Sethosa, agreed that Biowatch, in its initial approach to the courts for access to information about the permitting of GM crops, had acted in the public interest, had been substantially successful in obtaining the relief it had sought and had been forced to go to court to get this relief.

Biowatch  had appealed before judges Fanie Mynhardt, Justice Poswa and Mpho Molopa-Sethosa for a withdrawal of the order that it pay the legal costs of Monsanto South Africa (Pty) Ltd. and for the statutory bodies to be ordered to pay Biowatch's legal costs. The costs order arose as a result of Biowatch's successful case for the government to provide access to information about the permitting of GM crops.

ORGANIC COTTON GETS A BOOST
Major food and clothing retailer Woolworths has committed itself to supporting locally-grown organic cotton. In January Woolworths announced it was setting up a pilot programme to source organic cotton in South Africa. The programme is a collaboration with ComMark, Cotton SA and Organic Exchange, an international charitable organisation promoting organic agriculture and the Agricultural Research Council's Institute for Industrial Crops. The three-year programme aims to develop a viable business model for organic cotton farming in South Africa.

This year it will involve pilot plots in North West, Limpopo, the Eastern Cape and the Makhathini Flats in KwaZulu Natal - where GM crops (GM cotton) first gained a foothold in South Africa. Demonstration plots in Makhathini Flats will focus on empowering small-scale farmers and research.

Woolworths is the third largest consumer of organic cotton in the world - after USA corporations Wal-Mart and Nike - and has committed to buying the crop from the pilot programme when it is harvested this year. In 2007, Woolworths used 1.8 million kilograms of organic cotton fibre and estimates that it will use about 2.2 million in 2008. But all the organic cotton they use is sourced outside South Africa.

The top 10 organic cotton-producing countries are Turkey, India, China, Syria, Peru, the USA, Uganda, Tanzania, Israel and Pakistan. Global organic cotton products earned 1 billion dollars in 2006 and estimates project a tripling of this amount by the end of 2008, according to Organic Exchange.

BIOTECH COMPANY WANTS CARBON CREDITS FOR GM CROPS
USA biotechnology company Arcadia Biosciences is planning to use money paid by green consumers to offset their flights and by companies that go carbon neutral to fund the planting of genetically modified (GM) crops. Arcadia is working with the Chinese government to reward farmers growing the company's GM rice with carbon credits which they can sell for cash. Arcadia says Its GM rice needs less nitrogen fertiliser and that farmers growing it would lower their emissions of nitrous oxide. The Chinese scheme is scheduled to be up and running by 2012. (The Guardian 8 January 2008)

INDUSTRIAL AGRICULTURE IS MAJOR CLIMATE CHANGE CONTRIBUTOR
More than half of all fertiliser applied to soil ends up in the atmosphere or in local waterways but agriculture has the potential to change from being one of the largest greenhouse gas emitters to a net carbon sink. So says a new report from Greenpeace International.

Solutions include reducing the use of fertilisers by applying only the amount that crops need, protecting the soil by increasing its carbon content through measures such as cover crops, improving rice production by keeping rice paddies dry out of season, adopting methods that increase yield without depending on fertilisers and cutting the demand for meat, especially in developed countries.

"The future of farming lies in agriculture that works with nature and with people, not against them. Millions of farms on all continents already prove that organic and sustainable farming can provide sufficient food, increase food security, replenish natural resources and provide a better livelihood for farmers and local communities," the report says. The report was written by Professor Pete Smith, a lead author of the latest Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change report and his research team at the University of Aberdeen.

SOUTH AFRICA'S CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION STUDY ALMOST COMPLETE
South Africa's long-term climate change mitigation scenario study is in its "final stretch", Minister of Environmental Affairs and Tourism Minister Marthinus van Schalkwyk has been reported as saying. Once the study is finalised it will be submitted to Cabinet which will use it as a reference - together with other related climate change documents - to deliberate on legislation to give effect to South Africa's policy.

MOUNTING OPPOSITION TO GM CROPS
More than 80% of consumers in the USA prefer to buy dairy products that do not contain the GM hormone rBGh (also known as rBST), surveys show. Rising consumer demand prompted Starbucks to making all its milk supply free of the GM hormone by the end of 2007, followed by USA grocery retailer Kroger and several major dairies that required their milk supplies to be free of Monsanto's GM hormone.

A report funded by the US Department of Agriculture found that 89% of Americans want mandatory labelling of food containing GM ingredients. A poll commissioned by the GM industry showed only a minority of Americans viewed GM foods in a favourable light. Since 2006, several US federal district judges have slammed the GM regulatory system in the USA and called for a halt on approvals of new GM field trials with weedkiller tolerant bentgrass until more rigorous environmental reviews are conducted and a halt to further commercial sales of GM alfalfa seeds.

About 70% of USA processed food contain GM ingredients. Like South Africa, the USA does not have mandatory labelling of GM ingredients in food. In South Africa, Monsanto was twice ordered to withdraw adverts claiming that GM food is safe. And South Africa's GM regulator turned down an application to use GM yeast in wine fermentation. A decision on a field experiment with GM grapevines is still pending.

France has introduced a ban on Monsanto's MON 810 GM maize - the only GM crop grown in that country. And European Union environment officials, having determined that two types of GM maize could harm butterflies, modify food chains and disturb life in rivers and streams, have proposed a ban on the sale of the maize seeds. Pioneer Hi-Bred, Dow Agrosciensces and Syngenta manufacture the seeds.

In Brazil, there were no GM approvals in 2007, following a federal judge ruling against the use of maize manufactured by Bayer, Monsanto and Syngenta.

Greece has extended its ban on GM maize seed for a further two years and has banned the import of GM maize. And Cyprus wants to declare itself GM-free, according to its Agriculture Minister.

Most consumers surveyed in the Chinese cities of Beijing, Shanghai and Guangzhou would not choose GM food (65%) and would not buy GM rice (77%). China is the world's top rice producer and has shelved proposals for commercial production of GM rice for the fourth time since 2004.

Forty-one of the world's largest rice exporters, processors and retailers have issued written commitments to stay GM-free and rice producers in the USA have called for a ban on commercial GM rice growing and all outdoor experimental planting of GM rice. This follows the major contamination incident in 2007 when an experimental and illegal strain of GM rice produced by Bayer was found in rice consignments exported from the USA.

Meanwhile, a non-GM drought-resistant maize variety has been developed in The Philippines. The maize variety, developed by a Philippines scientist was able to survive drought for 29 days.

In Kenya a non-GM maize has been developed to withstand the larger grain borer - one of the most damaging pests for maize. The International Maize and Wheat Improvement Centre (CIMMYT) developed the maize strain.

Other non-GM crops that have been developed include allergen-free peanuts, Striga-resistant cowpeas, beta-carotene rich sweet potatoes, virus-resistant cassava, iron-fortified maize and Pierce Disease resistant grapevines.

(GM Watch 8 and16 January 2008)

BIOPROSPECTING POLICY - NEW ARTICLE TRACKS INTERNATIONAL DEBATE
The exploration of biological material for commercially valuable genetic and biochemical properties has the potential for major benefits - new drugs to cure diseases, innovative food and plant products, technology for developing countries and potentially rich rewards for those providing the biological material and knowledge. But bioprospecting has been bedevilled by mistrust, misunderstanding and regulatory confusion. New negotiations are now underway to develop an international access and benefit sharing system and to resolve some of the intractable issues.

Biowatch trustee and senior researcher at the Environmental Evaluation Unit at the University of Cape Town Dr Rachel Wynberg and Sarah Laird, director of People and Plants International examine the key policy issues in BIOPROSPECTING: TRACKING THE POLICY DEBATE, an article published in the December 2007 volume of Environment. A copy of the article may be obtained from Rachel Wynberg at rachel@iafrica.com or purchased from the journal at http://www.heldref.org/env.php

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